Dados do Trabalho

Título

CHILDHOOD DEATHS FROM NEUROLOGICAL CAUSES IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS IN ESPIRITO SANTO FOR TWO DECADES (2003-2022)

Introdução

The 21st century marks an important milestone in the analysis of mortality in pediatrics. The global under-5 mortality rate has decreased by 51% since 2000. In Brazil, the drop was of 60%. Assessing their profile helps in the process of creating tools for early intervention and long-term mortality reduction.

Objetivo

To analyze pediatric deaths aged 0 to 19 years due to neurological disorders in Espírito Santo, for 20 years, from 2003-2022.

Método

Descriptive epidemiological study, with data from the Health Information System using the Mortality Information System referring to the basic causes of deaths from 0-19 years of age, in Espírito Santo (Brazil), based on the international classification of diseases (ICD-10) for 20 years (2003-2022).

Resultados

During the period, 28,942 deaths were identified. As for chapter VI (Diseases of the nervous system), 1069 deaths (3.7%), but other causes of neurological are described in other ICD-10 codes and categories. By categories, the most prominent are congenital malformations of the nervous system (781 cases, 2.7% of the total), with 561 deaths before 1 year of age, followed by malignant neoplasms of the central nervous system (318 cases, being 101 cases from 1-4 years)(1.1%), cerebral palsy and other paralytic syndromes (230 cases), inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system (209 cases), episodic and paroxysmal disorders (131 cases), mental and behavioral disorders (66 cases), polyneuropathies and disorders of the peripheral nervous system (61 cases) and diseases of the myoneural junction and muscles (55 cases). The other categories had less than 50 deaths. By ICD-10, highlights include 241 cases of anencephaly and similar malformations (Q00), 189 cases of congenital hydrocephalus (Q03), 208 cases of meningoencephalitis (A86-87, G00-G04), 130 cases of epilepsy and status epilepticus (G40-41), 227 cases of cerebral palsy (G80) and 280 cases of malignant neoplasms of the brain (C71).

Conclusão

Brazil has been making progress in reducing infant mortality, but a great effort is still needed to address regional differences and reach lower levels. Congenital malformations may be linked to postnatal unviability, with great prominence among deaths, with an emphasis on congenital anencephaly and hydrocephalus. Regarding infectious causes, meningoencephalitis is very prominent, with understanding and early intervention being extremely important, as well as encouraging immunization campaigns, seeking to reduce the number of deaths.

Referências

Ministério da Saúde. DATASUS. Tabnet. Brasília, DF. Ministério da Saúde, 2024.
Tendências e panoramas da mortalidade infantil no mundo – Fundação Maria Cecilia Souto Vidigal. https://biblioteca.fmcsv.org.br/biblioteca/tendencias-panorama-mortalidade-infantil-mundo/ - Acesso em 10/07/2024.

Palavras Chave

CHILDHOOD DEATHS; NEUROLOGICAL CAUSES; pediatric patients