Dados do Trabalho

Título

BRAIN STEM NEOPLASMS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS: CASES ANALYSIS

Introdução

Brain stem neoplasms represent about 10% to 20% of central nervous system tumors in children and are the most common solid tumors of childhood. The classic triad of morning headache, vomiting, and papilledema is present in fewer than 30% of children at presentation. School failure and personality changes are common in older children. Regardless of the outcome of the disease, all are considered to have a poor prognosis and radiotherapy seems to be the only option to improve patient survival. The treatment is based on the isolated or associated use of surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

Objetivo

To describe the clinical presentation, therapeutic approaches, evolution and survival of patients with diagnosis of brain stem tumor in a hospital in Western of State of Paraná, Brazil.

Método

Observational, descriptive, crosssectional cohort study by medical record’s analysis of children and teenagers with diagnosis of brain stem neoplastic disease attended in a Oncology Hospital from 2000/January to 2022/February. Aged from 0 to 19 years old. Children and adolescentes of both gender were included.

Resultados

12 subjects were included in this analysis. The subject’s age ranged from 17 to 181 months (average age at diagnosis: 81 months). Nine (75%) subjects was male and three (25%) female. Concerning initial clinical findings, gait alteration was the most prevalent complaint. Regarding the pathological suspicion by imaging studies, most were gliomas (33%) and astrocitomas (17%). The most used imaging test was magnetic resonance and the preferred treatment was radiotherapy associated with chemotherapy. Related to survival, there was a median of 12 months.

Conclusão

The majority of subjects with brain stem tumors were boys with age near of 7 years old, and the most common tumors were gliomas and astrocitomas. Typical feature most common was ataxia. From the analysis of the collected data, it was possible to infer about the severity of the brainstem tumor and the urgency of an early diagnosis, with the objective of increasing the survival and patient’s quality of life.

Referências

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Palavras Chave

brain stem neoplasms; child; teenager