Dados do Trabalho

Título

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF CEREBRAL INFARCTION IN CHILDREN UNDER 10 YEARS OF AGE: BRAZILIAN OVERVIEW FROM 2013 TO 2023

Introdução

Cerebral infarctions are macroscopic and microscopic brain injuries that occur due to hemorrhage or insufficient blood supply, leading to cell death. Among the etiologies of cerebral infarction in children reported in the literature are cerebral venous thrombosis, sickle cell disease, and infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Cerebral infarction ranks among the top 10 causes of death in childhood, with an incidence of 2 to 13 per 10,000 children, and more than half of these children who survive experience neurological sequelae.

Objetivo

To determine the landscape of cerebral infarction cases in the Brazilian pediatric population.

Método

This study is an epidemiological and retrospective analysis. The database utilized was the Department of Health Informatics of the Brazilian Unified Health System (DATASUS). Data collection was conducted on July 23, 2023. Within DATASUS, the field "Epidemiological and Morbidity" was selected, followed by "Hospital Morbidity of SUS (SIH/SUS)". Subsequently, the option "General, by place of residence - from 2008 onwards" was chosen, with Geographic Scope set to "Brazil by Region and Federative Unit". The period analyzed spans from January 2013 to December 2023. In the CID-10 morbidity list, the category "Cerebral Infarction" was selected. Following these selections, data categories included "gender", "race/ethnicity", "age group", and "region". Patients up to 9 years of age were included. After data collection, a percentage analysis of the acquired data was conducted.

Resultados

A total of 538 hospitalizations were recorded during the period, with the highest rates in 2020 at 13.75%, in 2022 at 12.64% and in 2023 at 13.75%. The lowest rates were in 2012 at 1.49%, 2014 at 4.09%, and 2015 at 5.20%. In terms of gender, there was a male predominance (57.62%) compared to females (42.38%). Regarding race/ethnicity, 38.48% were of mixed race, followed by 36.99% white, 2.04% black, 0.56% Asian, and 0.37% indigenous. There were also 21.56% of patients without a recorded race. The majority (41.82%) were aged between 1 and 4 years, followed by 5 to 9 years (31.97%) and less than 1 year (26.21%). Geographically, the Southeast region accounted for the majority of hospitalizations (48.14%), followed by the Northeast (20.82%), South (16.73%), North (8.18%), and Central-West (6.13%).

Conclusão

The epidemiological profile of cerebral infarction in children under 10 years old in Brazil is that of a male, mixed race, aged between 1 and 4 years, residing in the Southeast region.

Referências

1. Abdi, S. S., De Haan, M., & Kirkham, F. J. (2023). Neuroimaging and cognitive function in sickle cell disease: a systematic review. Children, 10(3), 532.
2. Nepal, G., Kharel, S., Bhagat, R., Ka Shing, Y., Ariel Coghlan, M., Poudyal, P., ... & Sunder Shrestha, G. (2022). Safety and efficacy of Direct Oral Anticoagulants in cerebral venous thrombosis: A meta‐analysis. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, 145(1), 10-23.
3. Houwing, ME, Grohssteiner, RL, Dremmen, MH, Atiq, F., Bramer, WM, de Pagter, AP, ... & Cnossen, MH (2020). Infartos cerebrais silenciosos em pacientes com anemia falciforme: uma revisão sistemática e meta-análise. BMC medicine , 18 , 1-17.
4. Gulko, E., Overby, P., Ali, S., Mehta, H., Al-Mufti, F., & Gomes, W. (2020). Realce da parede vascular e arteriopatia cerebral focal em um paciente pediátrico com infarto agudo e infecção por COVID-19. American Journal of Neuroradiology , 41 (12), 2348-2350.
5. Ciceri, E. F., Cuccarini, V., Chiapparini, L., Saletti, V., & Valvassori, L. (2011). Paediatric stroke: review of the literature and possible treatment options, including endovascular approach. Stroke research and treatment, 2011(1), 781612.

Palavras Chave

Cerebral Infarction; child; Health Profile