Dados do Trabalho

Título

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF VIRAL ENCEPHALITIS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS IN 4 MACRO-REGIONS OF MINAS GERAIS (2014-2024)

Introdução

Viral encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain caused by viral infection. This condition can be severe and lead to symptoms such as high fever, severe headache, confusion and convulsions or even death in more severe cases.

Objetivo

This study aims to analyze the number of hospitalizations cases due to viral encephalitis in the population from 0 to 14 years old in the macro-regions from the Jequitinhonha, Central, South, and North of Minas Gerais between 2014 and 2024.

Método

This is an ecological study conducted with data from the Brazilian Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS). We analyzed the number of cases in each of the 4 macro-regions using descriptive statistics, Spearman’s correlation for nonparametric data after controlling for confounders, and a joinpoint regression analysis with the annual percent change (APC) in the number of hospitalizations.

Resultados

There were a total of 15 viral encephalitis hospitalization cases in the Jequitinhonha, followed by 316 in the Central, 19 cases in the South, and 54 cases in the North macro-regions. The hospitalization rate per 100,000 inhabitants ranged from 0 to 0.972 in the Jequitinhonha, 0.205 to 0.633 in the Central, 0 to 0.435 in the South, and from 0.059 to 0.703 in the North macro-regions. There was a significant correlation between population size and the hospitalization rate per 100,000 inhabitants after controlling for the variable year (R = 0.311; p < 0.05). The results from the joinpoint regression analysis show no significant trends in hospitalizations due to viral encephalitis in the Jequitinhonha (2014 – 2024 APC: -5.76), Central (2014 – 2024 APC: -3.74), South (2014-2016 APC: -51.66; 2016-2024 APC: 22.71), and North (2014 – 2024 APC: -6.30) macro-regions.

Conclusão

The data show a high variation in hospitalization rates for viral encephalitis between the 4 analyzed macro-regions of Minas Gerais from 2014 to 2024, with the Central macro-region holding the highest total number of cases. Regarding the trends observed, this disease has been statistically stable over the years, showing that it is well controlled in the given macro-regions. The correlation between population and hospitalization rates suggests greater susceptibility in more populous regions. This highlights the need for surveillance strategies and actions adapted to these realities for controlling viral encephalitis in children and adolescents in Minas Gerais.

Referências

COSTA A.J.L., KALE P.L. Medidas de Frequência de Doença. In: Medronho R.A. et al.
Epidemiologia. 2a. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Atheneu, 2009, pp. 13-30.

Neuroanatomia Funcional - Angelo Machado, Lúcia Machado Haertel . - 4.
ed. - Rio de Janeiro: Atheneu, 2022.

BRASIL. Ministério da Saúde. DATASUS. Tabnet. Brasília, DF: Ministério da Saúde, 2024. Disponível em: https://datasus.saude.gov.br/informacoes-de-saude-tabnet/. Acesso em: 25 jul. 2024.

BRAGA J.U., WERNECK G.L. Vigilância Epidemiológica. In: Medronho, R.A et al.
Epidemiologia. 2a. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Atheneu, 2009, pp. 103-121.

SILVEIRA, E. C. Perfil das internações por encefalite viral no Brasil em 2018 por unidade da federação, sexo e faixa etária. Medicina (Ribeirão Preto), v. 53, n. 3, p. 268–274, 14 out. 2020.

Palavras Chave

Viral encephalitis; dataSUS; Children